This essay focuses on Management is more of science. Irony is common in the United States but is seldom understood in Japan. A standard attentiongetting technique

Management is more of science

As we discussed in the chapter on language, humor generally does not travel well across cultural lines, particularly in professional settings—a joke in one culture can be an insult in another. Irony is common in the United States but is seldom understood in Japan. A standard attentiongetting technique for Americans is to begin a presentation with a joke. But in Germany and France, this would be inappropriate because business meetings are serious events. Our advice is to wait until you have established a good relationship with your international counterpart before attempting to inject humor into your conversations

1. While managers lay down the structure and delegates authority and responsibility, leaders provides direction by developing the organizational vision and communicating it to the employees and inspiring them to achieve it.
2. While management includes

4. focus on planning, organizing

5. , staffing, directing and controlling; leadership is mainly a part of directing function of management. Leaders focus on listening, building relationships, teamwork, inspiring, motivating and persuading the followers.
6. While a leader gets his authority from his followers, a manager gets his authority by virtue of his position in the organization.
7. While managers follow the organization’s policies and procedure, the leaders follow their own instinct.
8. Management is more of science as the managers are exact, planned, standard, logical and more of mind. Leadership, on the other hand, is an art. In an organization, if the managers are require, then leaders are a must/essential.
9. While management deals with the technical dimension in an organization or the job content; leadership deals with the people aspect in an organization.
10. While management measures/evaluates people by their name, past records, present performance; leadership sees and evaluates individuals as having potential for things that can’t be measure, i.e., it deals with future and the performance of people if their potential is fully extract.
11. If management is reactive, leadership is proactive.
12. Management is based more on written communication, while leadership is based more on verbal communication.

Leadership and Management
According to the U.S. Department of Labor, there were 25.3 million foreign-born workers in the U.S. labor force in 2013. Another report indicated that there were as many as 600,000 people working in the United States under the H-1B visa program, which allows foreign specialists to stay in the country for as long as six years.11 These workers are integrated into U.S. organizations alongside native-born employees,