This essay focuses on view of conceptual structure. Prototype theory says that concepts specify properties that members of a class tend to possess. Rather than must possess.

view of conceptual structure

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Prototype theory came out of problems with the classical view of conceptual structure. Prototype theory says that concepts specify properties that members of a class tend to possess. Rather than must possess.

Wittgenstein, Rosch, Mervis, Berlin, Anglin, and Posner are a few of the key proponents and creators of this theory. Wittgenstein describes the relationship between members of a class as family resemblances. There are not necessarily any necessary conditions for membership. A dog can still be a dog with only three legs.

This view is particularly support by psychological experimental evidence for prototypicality effects.

Participants willingly and consistently rate objects in categories like ‘vegetable’ or ‘furniture’ as more or less typical of that class. It seems that view of conceptual structure our categories are fuzzy psychologically. And so this structure has explanatory power. We can judge an item’s membership of the referent class of a concept by comparing it to the typical membe. The most central member of the concept. If it is similar enough in the relevant ways.

It will be cognitively admit as a member of the relevant class of entities. Rosch suggests that every category is represent by a central exemplar which embodies all. The maximum possible number of view of conceptual structure features of a given category. Lech, Gunturkun, and Suchan explain that categorization involves many areas of the brain. Some of these are. Visual association areas, prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and temporal lobe.

The Prototype perspective is propose as an alternative view to the Classical approach.

While the Classical theory requires view of conceptual structure an all-or-nothing membership in a group. Prototypes allow for more fuzzy boundaries and are characterize by attributes. Lakeoff stresses that experience and cognition are critical to the function of language.

And Labov’s experiment found that the function that an artifact contribute to what people categorize it as. For example, a container holding mash potatoes versus tea. Sway people toward classifying them as a bowl and a cup, respectively. This experiment also illuminated the optimal dimensions of what the prototype for “cup” is.

Prototypes also deal with the essence of things and to what extent they belong to a category.

There have been a number of experiments dealing with questionnaires. Asking participants to rate something according to the extent to which it belongs to a category. This question is contradictory to the Classical Theory because something is either a member of a category or is not. This type of problem is paralleled in other areas of linguistics such as phonology. With an illogical question such as “is /i/ or /o/ a better vowel?. The Classical approach and Aristotelian categories may be a better descriptor in some cases.

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Firstly

Secondly

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Further

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Lastly