This essay focuses on why Art in Ancient Egypt was necessary. preserve the soul (ka) of the decease in the afterlife.  Use the knowledge you have acquire about their architecture, painting and sculpture as examples to demonstrate your points.

why Art in Ancient Egypt was necessary

Please read lecture notes below and use to write the essay.  Do not plagiarize!  Base on the readings and lecture notes BELOW, write an essay describing why Art in Ancient Egypt was necessary to preserve the soul (ka) of the decease in the Ancient afterlife.  Use the knowledge you have acquire about their architecture, painting and sculpture as examples to demonstrate your points. Section 02: Lecture A Notes What is the Neolithic Era? https://library-artstor-org.library.saintpeters.edu/#/group/86affb9f-3878-4d23-8a1e-cf43f1524a8a                             Slide 1 “Neo” literally means  new  and “Lithos” means  stone . So, the Neolithic is the New Stone Age. Most of human prehistory takes place during the Stone Age, designated as such because human beings used stone as the hardest material out of which they made their tools and weapons. This period ends with the Bronze Age, which is when humans discovered the manipulation of metals, which took place around 3,000 B.C.E.

What differentiates the Neolithic from the Paleolithic period (Old Stone Age) is the fact that nomadic life comes to an end. The discovery of agricultural methods and the domestication of animals allows humans to settle in one place and cease their nomadic existence. This began to happen around 10,000 B.C.E. What is the Near East? Slide 2 – 4 The Near East refers to the area directly to the East of the Mediterranean Sea. It is our western culture that designates it as “the near east,” based on our vantage point. This art ancient region Ancient today encompasses such countries as Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia.

  The First Cities   Jericho. Slides 4 – 6 One of the oldest cities  to us is Jericho

, located in today’s Jordan, close to the Jordan River and North of the Dead Sea, on the West Bank of the Palestinian territory. It was construct around 8,000 B.C.E. Early settlements like Jericho were  Walled Cities , which is the term use to describe cities whose houses were  together, attach to each other, and whose outer walls  the wall of the city itself. The slides will give you an idea of how a wall city look back then. The art ancient houses were construct mainly of adobe on a base of stone. Most early cities are  in this way. All these cities  wall for self-defense.  Their famous  Jericho Skulls  were skulls of their ancestors cover in clay and painted to resemble the actual person. They were place under the bed of the eldest surviving family member.

  Mesopotamia https://library-artstor-org.library.saintpeters.edu/#/group/9f34f468-41c1-4eb6-9670-

ec128936605f;size=48;page=1;sort=0;refresh=true Mesopotamia means “land between rivers” and is the name  to the large area between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates in what is today Iraq, Iran and Syria. Mesopotamia refers also to the culture or cultures that develops on this region beginning around 4,5000 B.C.E. There are various early cities that  erect after Jericho.  Some notable ones were Catal Huyuk, Ur, and Uruk. Slides 7, 9,13 will show you recreations of them. It is in these cities where the first form of writing known to us appear, around 3,500 B.C.E.

This writing is called  Cuneiform . “Cuneus” is the Latin word for  wedge. As you can see in the slide  this writting was done with an angular tool that create wedge marks, very angular and straight. The Ziggurat Slides 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 Another element all these cities have in common is the presence of a Ziggurat, a Mesopotamian temple. As you can see on the slides, they are large structures with steps on the side to allow the rulers to climb to the top.

They are solid structures, with no rooms inside, except the few areas that are found only on the top. Their sole purpose is to get the person closer to the sun god, the most powerful symbol in Mesopotamian mythology. Of course, Look at slides 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and see how the Babylonians develop the techniques to create elaborate colorful tiles/bricks that have last all these years. These are a great example of artistic beauty and ingenuity.

  The most famous Babylonian king was Hammurabi.

He is  to us for his elaborate law code that define their culture and helps us to understand them. It i. The Persian Empire. Slides 32 – 37 Between the years 550 and 330 B.C.E. most of the Near East and Mesopotamia is unite under one empire that originates farther east, in what is today Iran. Its capital was Persepolis, (Polis means city, therefore “the Persian city”).This empire eventually became the main enemy of the Greek civilization. Section 02 Lecture B Notes Egyptian Culture https://library-artstor-org.library.saintpeters.edu/#/group/e9e37ca6-1d1c-439e-b909-4556e9e7cd77;size=48;page=1;sort=0when their writing (hieroglyphics) appeared, and ended with the Greek conquest in 323 B.C.E. Hieroglyphics is a pictographic writing system. Originally its characters were very simplify pictures.

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